The Cold War Caused by the United States and the Soviet...

War. Humans have thrived from war for as long as we can remember. The United States has been fighting wars ever since we found the new country in North America that we now call the United States. We fought against our selves for the freedom of others. We fought in several world wars. We have always fought. But in the late 1940s â€Å"war† changed forever. This was well known as the Cold War. Why was this so different? â€Å" The world had never experienced anything like it. The Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States was a half century of military build-up, political maneuvering for international support (Hanes, Sharon M., and Richard C. Hanes).† This means that the world has always seen war as either hand to hand combat or gun to†¦show more content†¦Later on, when the United States decided to drop two atomic bombs on Japan. The places that were targeted were Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The aftermath of these weapons were extremely devastating and shocked everyone in the world. Especially the USSR, who feared that the United States might turn around and use this weapon on them. The USSR knew that the bomb was one of their strong weaknesses. They would have virtually no way to stop this from happening. This scared the USSR so much that they were really unsure how to deal with the situation that has been placed in front of them. With this it might be fair to say that the USA might have provoked the USSR with this bomb and tried to create a fear within their military. But on the other hand, the USSR could easily be accused of over reacting to the bomb and jumped to conclusions that the USA might use it on them.â€Å"With great power, comes great responsibility(Kort 35).† Micheal Kort says this in his novel, The Cold War when he says this he is saying that when power (like the power of an atomic bomb or a great nation) is given to you, it is not free. You need to be responsible with it, and never abuse it. In addition to these two nations having a a sort of superman mentality. These two nations were very different. The United States had the most powerful weapon at the time, but the Soviets have skilled and highly trained troops that could would most likely dominate the American troops. America had free elections andShow MoreRelated Causes Of The Cold War Essay608 Words   |  3 Pages Causes of the Cold War nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The Cold War occurred during a time of rebuilding for Europe. It characterized international relations and dominated the foreign policies of Europe. It affected all of Europe and determined lasting alliances. The Cold War was caused by the social climate and tension in Europe at the end of World War II and by the increasing power struggles between the Soviet Union. Economic separation between the Soviets and the west also heightened tensionsRead MoreThe Cold War Has Been Examined Throughout History911 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: The Cold War has been examined throughout history. The question is often debated about what theory best explains the cause for the cold war. It is often argued whether or not one explanation does the best job at explaining the Cold War. The disagreement is often between about what forces pushed for the struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for power. The best explanation often states that there were many factors at play such as the bi-polarity of great powers ofRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union973 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a state of economic, diplomatic, and ideological discord among nations without armed conflict. The Cold War was between the United States and the USSR because these were the two major powers after WWII. Basically, the Cold War was a series of proxy wars that had taken place back in time involving surrounding countries. One of the main causes for Cold War was that the Soviet Union was spreading communism and the United State s didn’t like that so they were trying to contain communismRead MoreThe Cold War Between Communism And Communism1721 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War The conflict in ideologies between capitalism and communism resulted in one of the greatest conflicts of the twentieth century. The belief that freedom and democracy would die under communist rule caused the United States to start a conflict that would last for decades. The decisions made by the United States in W.W.II caused tensions to rise between the U. S. and the Soviet Union. Fear of Communism in capitalist nations, caused the United states government to use propaganda to raiseRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II854 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a major event in the U.S. and Soviet Union’s history. The main reason that these two countries entered into the Cold War after World War II was power. The USSR and United States had two very different perspectives on power coming out of World War II. This disagreement ultimately caused the Cold War. Russia’s perspective after World War II was influenced by Joseph Stalin. Stalin, the leader of the USSR at the time, was a merciless dictator. His main concern was maintaining power andRead MoreBone, Ambria . English 11 B. April 17, 2017. The United1272 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 11 B April 17, 2017 The United States and the Soviet Union were fighting against each other; the Cold War was separated into three groups (Jerylin Watson). The nation’s economy is a very difficult balancing act. Cold War confrontations nearly always conducted through surrogates or economic pressure (David Painter). This is what happened when the tensions of the Cold War affected the United States and the world (Robert H. Dugger). The United States became the global consumer of last resortRead MoreThe Cold War Was Predominately Between Two Major Powers1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was predominately between two major powers in the world. These two super powers were the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the United States beginning in 1947. The Cold War happened relatively soon after the Second World War. Why did the Cold War begin? In 1947, the Cold War began and it was due to various reasons. Some historians believed that the bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima an d Nagasaki caused the Cold War. In addition, the United States president duringRead MoreRealism And The Cold War843 Words   |  4 Pagesasked is does it do a good job of explaining the end of the Cold War? Everyone can have their own answers and reasonings behind why they think it does or doesn t explain it well enough. Realists view the Cold War as an attempt to keep the balance of power between the states and inside the states themselves. Neither states were able to dominant over everything or declare all out war against each other, therefore both the United States and the USSR would dominate international relations withoutRead MoreWhen Historians Discuss The Cold War, There Are A Number1597 Words   |  7 PagesWhen historians discuss the Cold War, there are a number of categories amongst which there are heated debates. These include, but are not limited to, who the primary aggressor was, what were the motivations of the aggressor, what lead to its end, and whether or not the Cold War happened at all. Within these arguments, there are various camps among whom the beliefs are contested. There are the orthodox historians, such as Arthur Schlesinger Jr., that imagine the Cold War as â€Å"the brave and essentialRead MoreThe Cold War Had A Myriad Of Factors That Contributed To1371 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War had a myriad of factors that contributed to the ignition of the war between the United States and the USSR, but the primary contributing factors, such as the Nuclear Arms Race, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Blockade of Berlin, shows the USSR is to blame for causing the Cold War, even though the United States is responsible because of the policy of containment. The Cold War had many factors that contributed to the start of the war between the United States and the USSR, but the

The Stressful Life of College Students Essay - 606 Words

The Stressful Life of College Students Modern life is full of demands, frustrations, hassles, and deadlines. Everyone experiences stress as it is a natural part of human life. Our bodies have a built mechanism for responding to stress. However, during a certain period of time, people tend to face more stress than usual. One of such periods is college life. It can be very stressful for some people, especially for those who are not used to carrying out with so many responsibilities. Students spend most of their time balancing classes, projects, tests, final exams, personal life, and work; that is enough to make anyone feel overwhelmed. This stress can cause multiples problems, not just emotional, but physicals as well. One of the causes†¦show more content†¦It becomes a problem to manage time effectively and distribute it to have balance. A lot of students are used to leaving all the work for the last minute. They follow a false idea that everything can be done before the deadline. However, it is not the case with education. Procrastination makes students do things halfway and not retain all needed information. The effects of constant stress on a student’s body are devastating and may have long-term consequences. When stress escalates without coping with it, numerous troublesome psychological and physiological conditions may occur. First, the stressful life of college students may result in such physical problems as sleeping disorders, breathing difficulties, headaches, and a loss of appetite. In addition, fatigue, colds, weight change, teeth grinding, increased alcohol and drug use are also common. Unfortunately, stress is often linked to the immune system suppression. It increases the chances of altering any existing disease. teeth grinding, increased alcohol and drug use are also common. Unfortunately, stress is often linked to the immune system suppression. It increases the chances of altering any existing disease. Second, stress may result in a number of emotional problems. The most common ones are the feeling of being overwhelmed, depression, fear, and anger. However, students may also experience irritability, mood swings, bad temper, worrying, nervous laugh, and crying spells.Show MoreRelatedLife Is Stressful To Begin With For College Age Students1747 Words   |  7 PagesLife is stressful to begin with for college age students in particular often find themselves having to adjust to their new lifestyle with would make them perceive like they have move stress. A literature search on the database PSYC info using keywords such as stress, college students, and Since this is the first time they have been away from home and they are now responsible for every part of their lives for the first-time balancing lives necessities for them can be a very stressful time for themRead MoreStress In College Students728 Words   |  3 PagesStress is common for college students. The transition from high scho ol to college can become stressful because theyre deciding what they want to do for their future. The lack of preparation for adulthood when choosing the right major for someone can become stressful. Once someone chooses their degree, then they must take classes to get them to the degree. When college students step into reality knowing what classes to take can become overwhelming. College students must know how to recognize andRead MoreHow Can We Study Related Stress For College Students?1251 Words   |  6 Pagesmanage study related stress for college students Is it the truth that every college student lives an easy life? Most parents usually encourage their high school children to get a higher grade for their applications to universities by telling them how interesting and relaxing life will be in college. Yet, according to a survey from The Jed Foundation which taking care of mental health for college students, over eighty-five percentages of university students feel very stressful to finish their educationRead MoreThe Stress Creating Challenges For College Students Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pagesmany students nowadays find themselves needing to complete some form of higher education at college to ensure their success in the workplace and their future career goals. Although freshmen students often enter college with high expectations and ambitions, many eventually drop out of college. Why does this happen? In a demanding and ever-changing environment, the expectations for college students now soar to unprecedented heights, creating stre ssful and unpleasant experiences for many students as theyRead MoreStress For College Students1463 Words   |  6 Pagesglad when this semester is over because school is stressing me to the max.† This is a quote that quite a few college students are familiar with and have probably said themselves. College can be a fun but also stressful time for students. They are focused on making sure they attend class and get passing grades so they can be successful and hopefully succeed in the next chapter of their life. Researchers at Columbia University and the University of San Diego conducted a study conducted a study to determineRead MoreThe Stress of Attending College1326 Words   |  5 PagesDeciding to go to college is the hardest decision a student can make and the most stressful. Caused by many reasons, the stress is present whether one is in their first year of college or their last. Deciding to attend college is frightening for students; this is because it means going into th e world and growing up. Along with the decision come a number of stressful responsibilities and changes that a student has to put up with. The reasons for so much stress fall into one of three categories: academicRead MoreStress Student959 Words   |  4 Pagesinformative speech Purpose:   To inform the audience about student stress.   Thesis:   Today I will discuss about sources and effects of student stress and efficient ways to manage this emotional and physical strain. Organizational Pattern:   I. Introduction    A. Attention Getter   According to the Student Living Report 2002, an ongoing survey of student experiences carried out by MORI for the UNITE Group, more than half of students (53%) said they had become more stressed since startingRead MoreStress Inoculation1399 Words   |  6 Pagesstress-related symptoms. Stress is more than just a nuisance or something that occasionally makes people feel nervous or anxious. Very stressful events have been associated with a dramatically increased risk of heart attack. Chronic, ongoing stress, even when it is not so dramatic, can affect one’s health in very significant ways. One common example of this is the effect of a very stressful job. Stress, however, is not always bad. Some stress is inevitable and actually beneficial. Stress helps people when theyRead MoreMaking Freshman Year Less Stressful Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagessemester college freshman battle stress, depression, and anxiety caused by the transition from high school to college. Adaptation alone is a stressful series of occurring events, and to adapt to their [freshman] surrounding environment, an individual must manage problems, challenges, and demands in his or her daily life (Dyson 2). The transition from high school to a major university is portrayed as the process of growing into adulthood from youth. On top of being unfamiliar with college life, manyRead More Stress Essay1384 Words   |  6 Pagessymptoms. Stress is more than just a nuisance or something that occasionally makes people feel nervous or anxious. Very stressful events have been associated with a dramatically increased risk of heart attack. Chronic, ongoing stress, even when it is not so dramatic, can affect oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s health in very significant ways. One common example of this is the effect of a very stressful job. Stress, however, is not always bad. Some stress is inevitable and actually beneficial. Stress helps people when they

Science, Technology, and Human Values Essay - 1091 Words

Science, Technology, and Human Values in Sigmund Freuds Civilization and Its Discontents, Henrik Ibsen and Arthur Millers An Enemy of the People, and Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five Technology has advanced to the point where it touches our lives in nearly every conceivable way-we no longer have to lift a finger to perform the most trivial tasks. The wealth of information and science we have learned in the last few centuries have made our lives easier but not always better, especially when concerning civilization as a whole. Ibsen, Freud, and Vonnegut argue that human values have not kept pace with knowledges unceasing expansion, which has become an anathema for the individual person and deleterious to societys delectation,†¦show more content†¦Ibsen unmistakably contends that this is distressing and disastrous. A return to strong ethics will prove to be a superior salvation for society rather than new and enhanced technology. Dr. Stockmann claims that you are fighting for the truth [...] and that makes you strong (124). Indeed, the truth will save lives and is better for all regardless of a temporary monetary forfeiture. Ibsen would prefer civilization to be morally robust with antiquated technology over a privation of mans ethos. Sigmund Freud would be quick to agree that technology has not been a panacea for society. The underlying principles in Chapter III of Civilization and Its Discontents were a hotly contested topic in the online discussion. It is debatable as to whether Freud wanted a return to the days sans advanced technology but it is obvious that he is mostly displeased with how scientific improvements have influenced our lives. The author asserts that technology can never be a nostrum for humanity because it is not better than the superior power of nature, [nor improves] the feebleness of our own bodies [... or] mutual relationships of human beings (37). Freud finds it important for us to realize where our limits are defined so we can use this knowledge to create a happier society-but a perfect society will be eternally out of the question. If individuals had control over their aggression and werent so obsessed with sex, it would lead to a better-off worldShow MoreRelatedValue Of Science Fiction90 9 Words   |  4 PagesThe popularity of science fiction is the consequent of high recognition in literature and entertainment industry. Yet, still some of the scholars merely view this genre as points of departure for critics and argument (Reider 2010, p.205). Regardless of the criticisms and argument from the scholarly sector, an important consideration is the extent to which science fiction genre could bring about future possibilities to the current state of the world. If we, the society as a whole could uphold thisRead MoreEssay Human Values: The Key to Solving Global Problems1580 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Values: The Key to Solving Global Problems ABSTRACT: At the dawn of global civil society, the test for humanity is to achieve unity while preserving cultural differences as well as the distinctiveness of nations and peoples. Such unity can be reached only by recognizing human values, especially human rights. However, these rights must be strictly determined and more than mere obligations. Hence, the most important task for philosophy is to develop foundations and principles for a worldRead MoreSimilar Ideas Presented in Blade Runner by Ridley Scott and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley 1469 Words   |  6 Pagesnatural world set in the Romantic Era and enlightenment period. However Blade Runner, although subjected by a different context, also portrays a similar idea to Frankenstein; the fear of science and technology coupled with the value of the definition of a human. Through this commonality, we are able to utilise the values of Blade Runner in order to truly understand Shelley’s purpose. During the 1980’s, the increasing amount of industrialisation brought about a new period in time, the Industrial RevolutionRead MoreCoe of Ethics1625 Words   |  7 PagesCode of Ethic Paper There are many healthcare organizations that follow their own mission with ethical values and company goals. The American Association for the Advancement of Science follows the mission statement of â€Å"advance science engineering, and innovations throughout the world for the benefit of all people.† (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2015) By following company goals, this statement can be reinforced. What are the organization’s goals and how are they tiedRead MoreEnvironmental Degradation Of The Environment940 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironmental degradation that people hypothesize, which is our values. These people believe that major values influence population growth and technological development. The argument is that values are more important, and influence population growth and technological development. Key values come from national, racial and religious cultures and are transmitted via other people, institutions, popular culture and mass media. Lynn White argues that humans have damaged our world and we need to craft solutions.Read MoreThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesScience Fiction Films The science fiction film genre has been around almost as long as movies have, but like the cinema it is still a fairly young art form. This genre came into existence shortly after the invention of the movie camera in 1888 and has endured for over one-hundred years. Science fiction is adaptive; it changes with the times and this trend can be seen in its incorporation of other genres, cultural history and technology. This essay will attempt to define the genre, chronicle the historyRead More Our Attempts to Control the Natural World and the Environmental Crisis1357 Words   |  6 PagesOur Attempts to Control the Natural World and the Environmental Crisis    As reports of ecological degradation increase around the world, human concern about environmental issues is also heightening. Scientists, philosophers and others have all begun the process of determining the causes of the environmental crisis and trying to sort out how to fix these problems. In this essay, I would like to examine two of the most widely expounded philosophies on the cause of environmental degradationRead MoreEnvironmental Science Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental science is defined as the study of the environment and the interconnecting systems it contains, furthermore, the way people interact with their natural surroundings and use natural resources (wise geek, 2013). Scientist in this field is highly interdisciplinary and extremely diverse, for example, a scientist might study volcanoes or climate change. This essay will cover the following; the definition of environmental science, the relationship between science and technology and how itRead MoreScope and Excitement of Physics1427 Words   |  6 PagesPHYSICS,TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY. Technology and society or  technology and culture  refers to cyclical co-dependence, co-influence, co-production of  technology  and  society  upon the other (technology upon culture, and vice-versa). This synergistic relationship occurred from the dawn of humankind, with the invention of simple tools and continues into modern technologies such as the  printing press  and  computers. The academic discipline studying the impacts of science, technology, and society and vice versaRead More Cyberpunk Definitional Paper1076 Words   |  5 PagesCyberpunk Definitional Paper In the late 1970s and early 80s and new type of writing style came about that relied on many of the traditional criteria to be called science fiction, but had a certain something else that had many people agreeing that it was not just science fiction. This new style of writing was so different and so many people started writing in this style that the general public decided that it was time this genre of writing deserved a label: cyberpunk. Cyberpunk is not an

Causes And Effect Of Sepsis And Inflammation - 1466 Words

Sepsis and inflammation The most feared pathophysiological effect of sepsis is the disturbance of the cardiovascular system through vasodilation and fluid loss from the vascular system into the tissue induced by elevated NO†¢ concentrations. The successive drop in blood pressure and reduced supply of tissues leads to systemic circulatory failure and death of the patient. Inhibitor studies have shown that PARP-1 is not only involved in DNA repair, but also in septic shock. Hauschildt and coworkers have shown that the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines by LPS treatment of macrophages could be prevented by inhibiting PARP (Hauschildt et al., 1997). An anti-inflammatory effect of PARP activity suppression either induced by Parp1 gene knockout or pharmacological inhibition was also reported (Szabà ³ et al., 1997). Also, LPS treatment of rats led to weakened endothelial functions, which could be alleviated by administration of PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) (Szabà ³ et al., 1996). The bacterially inoculated pigs (porcine model for sepsis) showed improved cardiovascular performance and higher survival rates after treatment with the PARP inhibitor PJ34 (Goldfarb et al., 2002). Similarly, other reports showed beneficial effects on organs such as liver with systemic improvements after application of PARP inhibitors only (Ivanyi et al., 2003; Jagtap et al., 2002) or in combination with inhibitors of nitric oxide production (Stehr et al., 2003), probably reducing DNA damage andShow MoreRelatedIntroduction Sepsis is a critical condition caused by an overreacting immune response to an700 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Sepsis is a critical condition caused by an overreacting immune response to an infection. Most of the time, such infection are caused by bacteria. When a person is being infected, chemicals are released into the bloodstream to fight off infection. This may result in multiples inflammation found within the body. Inflammation can trigger a cascade of event which may cause multiple organ damage, leading to multiple failure of organs where the body is unable to function normally. In worstRead MoreDiscuss the Beneficial Effects of Activated Protein C in the Treatment of Severe Sepsis1364 Words   |  6 PagesSepsis is a potentially fatal medical condition where the blood is overwhelmed by the presence of bacteria; activating the immune response and potentially causing organ dysfunction due to the disruption of homeostasis, tissue perfusion and limited oxygen supply. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome can be a key to the recognition of the illness. This condition can be treated with antibiotics intravenously or by draining the infected fluid. However, treating the infection with appropriate anti-microbialRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Sepsis1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Sepsis is a common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and the tenth leading cause of death. The mortality rate of sepsis exceeds myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, and trauma by 20-50%. However once the disease reaches septic shock the mortality rate increases to 50-80% and will continue to rise if antibiotics aren’t administered. Sepsis costs 24 billion dollars a year to treat and one of the most costly diseases to cure. I was very interested in spreading the awarenessRead MoreCauses And Treatment Of Sepsis896 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Sepsis is defined as the invasion of infection into the bloodstream (septicaemia) and start to affect other organs in the body (Foster, Whetsone, Prevost, S, 2012). Septic shock can cause multiple organ failure and also can cause blood clots to form thus compromising the vital organs with enough oxygen and nutrients .Sepsis can cause a decrease in tissue perfusion which results in systemic vascular dilation .In this essay progression of infection will be explained, stages of septicRead MoreThe Importance Of Securing Your Child Safe852 Words   |  4 Pageseradicated, are on the rise. To further understand why someone would chose not to vaccinate or to vaccinate their children you must first understand the disease our society vaccinates against, the reasons why children are not vaccinated and societal effects for non-vaccination. As adults we may remember going to the physicians and being inoculated against common diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, polio, and diphtheria. Of these diseases, how many are we able to actually identify through signsRead MoreDescribe The Functions Of TREM-1803 Words   |  4 Pagesseptic shock, sepsis, etc.† (Schenk et al, 2007). Due to it’s strong association with increased inflammatory factors, it is becoming more apparent that TREM-1 could also play a key role in chronic inflammatory responses found in disorders such as irritable bowel diseases. Schenk, Bouchon, Seibold, and Mueller hypothesized that patients with active irritable bowel diseases have upregulated TREM-1 expression on intestinal macrophages, which could contribute to excessive inflammation and tissue destructionRead MoreSepsis5688 Words   |  23 PagesRunning Head: Sepsis 1 Sepsis: A Clinical Case Study Example Conestoga College Running Head: Sepsis 2 Abstract Sepsis is an inflammatory systemic response to infection. The symptoms are produced by the host’s defense systems rather than by the invading pathogens (Schouten et al., 2008). Sepsis is a frequent cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and it is one of the leading causes of death among hospitalized patients (Alberti et al., 2003). It is a public healthRead MoreArds Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagesof shortness of breath or individuals who may be severely sick. The patients who are more prone to ARDS are those who experience a fatal injury of some sort or an infection. Definition – ARDS is mainly a Life threatening illness that causes a widespread inflammation in the lungs. It is technically what prevents oxygen from entering the blood and the lungs. ARDS occurs when fluid leaks in your lungs by preventing oxygen from reaching your organs. It is generally considered treatable but it is consideredRead MoreComparison Of The Collision Of Organic Nannoparticle858 Words   |  4 Pagesvirtually anything from infection to injury. The cause of the immune system’s activity is irrelevant given the means of treatment. The injection sends nanoparticles to the target site specifically to reroute the cells responsible for inflammation. Inflammation is, of course, the appropriate response for the immune system in certain situations because it serves as a means for the body to heal while it fights infections. On the other hand, though, inflammation has commonly been known to go overboard forRead MoreMedical Assignment: Bacterial Meningitis585 Words   |  2 Pagescondition that continues to have the potential of high mortality and morbidity. Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, medically called the meninges. This inflammation may be caused by virus, bacteria, certain microorganisms, and even by certain drugs. The reason it is so serious is due to the proximity to the brain and spinal cord, which causes the condition to remain a serious medical emergency (Bamberger, 2010). For most individuals, common

Sleep and Memory Free Essays

string(228) " This study will benefit people by creating a consciousness about how crucial it is to have enough sleep, if there is a difference in with memory between men and women, and how important it is to keep a good memory through age\." Sleep and Memory Maria del Rocio Gutierrez University of Texas at Brownsville Sleep and Memory We can define sleep as a period of rest and we can define immediate memory as an organism’s ability to store, retain, and subsequently retrieve information. Therefore if the organism rests for a period of time the ability to store, retain and retrieve information will be improved. This study will focus on how sleeping a minimum of 7 hours a day will reflect a notorious improvement in memory. We will write a custom essay sample on Sleep and Memory or any similar topic only for you Order Now We will also be able to compare if women have better memory than men, if there is a significant difference between these two groups; age will also be compared, we will be able to see if younger people are able to have a better memory than older people. This study will also help us understand the importance of resting on daily bases so we can have a good performance in our daily activities. Past Research Previous Researches have showed that sleep has an impact episodic memory in the long run. Researchers used up to 8 hours of sleep.There were used sixty university students, which were asked not to smoke or drink caffeine during daytime. Students had to do this procedure 12 hours before the experiment. During the experiment 56 words were presented individually to the students on a computer monitor. Two tests were given to the participants. In the first test students were given 10 minutes to see how many words were recalled. Several words were shown to the participants. The second test was 10 minutes as well, with the difference that fourteen text fields were with the category labels were presented simultaneously on a computer.It was found that more words were recalled when they were not categorized, and that students who slept 7 hours had a higher recall of words ,(Olaf ; Reinhard P. ,2007). The importance of this research is to demonstrate how students who slept 7 hours could recall easy words given to them during the experiment, (Lahl ; Pietrowsky, 2007). Previous researches discovered that sleep improves memory, and that also neuronal activity and regional blood flow during sleep form part of an improvement of memory during the day, (Morgrass, Guillem ; Godbout, 2008).Participants were required to have a night of sleep, there were no other restrictions like in the above study mentioned. Researchers tested the participants twice to control the effect of practice. Participants were tested in the morning and late afternoon. Each test lasted 15 minutes; there were presented different photographs of faces taken in the same condition. Researchers divided their sample into two groups, one slept in the laboratory used and the other group slept at their home. Researchers found no significance difference in recalling memory between one group and another.Researchers found that daytime session questionnaire was higher than those in the afternoon. The importance of this experiment is that researchers show us there is no significance improvement in memory whether they sleep at home or at a clinic, but there is a difference if the participant just rested or if the participant was already awake (Mograss ; Guillem ; Godbout, 2008). Previous researches done reflect that a deprivation of sleep would affect memory. These researchers mention that the amygdale modulates the consolidation of long term memory by influencing other areas that are involved in memory processing.Researchers used twenty-four volunteers, all of them were students of medicine. Students needed to have a regular sleep schedule for a week and no caffeine for at least 4 days before the experiment. Participants were tested two times, in the morning and at night. Researchers used a shopping list of 16 items presented five times to the participants. Complex figures were presented as well. Participants were given different tests such as Corsi block-tapping test, coding test, emotional odball paradigm, digit span test and word stem test. All of these tests involved words, figures or object recall.Researchers found that memory function may be influenced by log time deprivation periods (Saxvig, Lundervold, Gronli, Ursin, Bjorvatan ; Portas, 2008). Lahl, , Wispel. , Willigens ; Pietrowsky (2007) researched on how a nap can improve memory; where the naps would take from 20 minutes to 45 minutes. Researchers wanted to know if a nap would help improve memory. There were 26 university students used as participants. Half of them were men and half women. Students were required to have a regular night sleep. It was not allowed the used of psychoactive medication or the participation of students with sleep-related problems.Each participant needed to wake up no later than 8:00 o’clock in the morning and do not ingest alcoholic beverages or caffeine. The students were put to sleep and were monitored. After 50 minutes they were woken up and tested for recall. Picture card games, games requiring visuomotoric skills and mathematical strategies were utilized. Researchers found that after taking a nap the student’s memory would improve. This research is important because it shows us how young students recall was improved after sleeping. Previous researchers were interested in the process of unlearning or reverse learning during sleep.Fifty university students of different ages were used in the research. Students were randomly selected in groups were they slept during night, or students who slept during day and were eventually woken up. They had to be non-smokers, not be using any kind of any kind of psychoactive medication, not have any psychiatric illness, not using alcohol or drugs, they had to be non-smokers and also restricted from napping during the day at least 12 hours before the experiment. During the experiment the participants were given twenty-four neutral photographs of everyday objects.The first group was tested between 0:00 hrs and 7:00 hours and the second group was tested between 9:00 hours and 16:00 hours. Researchers found that participants memory was improved after sleeping (Lahl ; Pietrosky, 2007). Overview of the Current Study Our study wanted to show the improvements in memory through sleep. We were trying to prove our hypotheses through our experiment. This study will benefit people by creating a consciousness about how crucial it is to have enough sleep, if there is a difference in with memory between men and women, and how important it is to keep a good memory through age. You read "Sleep and Memory" in category "Papers"The studies mentioned above have a gap where they do not reflect an exact improvement mentioned by the participants, the literature needed more statistical information. Our Three research hypotheses are: RQ1: People who sleep more than seven hours have better memory than people who sleep less than seven hours. RQ2: Gender is related to memory, females will have better memory than men. RQ3: Younger people will have better memory than older people These hypotheses were derived from the studies made on previous researches, who found that sleep has a beneficial effect in memory.We believe the human being must always try to improve memory, it is primordial to have all of our memories available whenever we need them. W e believe that a human being can develop in a better way if their memory is well functioning. Method Participants In this study college students will be participating. We hope to have 20 females and 20 males. All of the participants will be students from the University of Texas at Brownsville. Materials Informed Consent Form. An informed consent form will be used in which participants will be informed regarding the materials and procedure(s) used in the study.Students will be assured anonymity and will be given contact information if any question may arise (see Appendix A). Demographic Questionnaire. This questionnaire will collect participant’s demographic information (e. g. age, ethnicity, year in school, etc. ). The purpose of the Demographic Questionnaire will strictly be used to gather basic information of who the participants are and any other needed demographic information related to this study (see Appendix B). Memory Word List. 15 words will be presented to each student. They will have one minute to look at them, afterwards they will be asked to write down the ones they remember. see Appendix C). Debriefing Form. The final material used in this study will be a verbal and written debriefing form. This material will help us as researchers to study the immediate term memory and see if people who sleep at least 7 hours a day have a better memory. (see Appendix D) Procedure The procedure taken in this study will be as follows. The principal investigator of the study will hand out a written informed consent to inform the participants the purpose, benefits and length of time the study will take to complete. Once participants agree to participate, the Demographic Questionnaire will be administered to expedite the completion of the task. Following the completion of the demographics each student will be presented 15 words for a time of 1 minute, next they will write down on a separate sheet of paper as many words as they can recall in 1 minute. Once participants have completed the task they will be orally debriefed, thanked and dismissed. The total time to complete the study for each participant will be less than 10 minutes. ResultsThe first hypothesis indicated that there would be a significant difference in memory between people who slept seven hours or more (M=8. 14, S. D. =1. 96), and people who slept less than seven hours (M= 8. 14, S. D. = 2. 26). The results showed that there was no significance difference between these two variables. A T-test was used to compare these two groups (see figure 1). The second prediction stated that there would be a difference between gender and memory. Women would recall more words than men. It was found that males (M=1. 67, S. D. = . 48) recalled less words than women (M=1. 78, S. D. =. 4). A T- test was used to compare these two groups The final hypothesis predicted that age was related with memory. People with age of eighteen to twenty five were considered as younger participants (M=29. 71, S. D. =7. 11), people with age twenty six and above were considered as older participants (M=32, S. D. =11. 56). A T-test was used to compare these two groups. | Discussion The findings for this research did not support our hypotheses. According to other researches or previous literature, people who did not sleep 7 hours or more would have difficulties with memory (Lahl ; Pietrosky, 2007).The literature used for this research did not support our hypotheses because our results did not reflect a significant difference between people who did sleep 7 hours or more hours and those who did not sleep 7 or less hours. We could not find similarities with previous studies. Such studies reflected a significant difference. The same issue happened with our two other hypotheses. Our second hypothesis did not reflected a significant difference between men and women’s memory. Our third hypothesis did not show a significant difference as well.There was no remarkable difference between young people and older people; we classified young people from age 18 through age 25, and older people from age 26 and above. We did notice two major limitations during the experiment. The most important is the amount of participants in the research. We believe that in order to have a significant difference a minimum of 100 participants should be used for the research. Having more participants will give more information to compare with. Our amount of participants were 30 students, which gives very little information and does not help to reflect a significant difference.Another issue was the uneven amount of men and women. We feel there should be a balanced number to reflect a significant difference. Our findings are important because the results are not the same as all of the other studies, this means that there could be a probability that our study could make a difference in researches of this type. Future research will involve again memory and sleep, but we will increase the number of participants and consider the time of the day to test participants. 317. How to cite Sleep and Memory, Papers

Influencing and Decision Making for Elders Limited- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInfluencing and Decision Making for Elders Limited. Answer: Introduction Decision-making is a vital part of planning process. In all management functions, decision-making and problem solving plays a very significant role. While running a business or working in an organization, making right decisions may lead to success, whereas, wrong decisions can result to failure. There are wide ranges of decision-making tools and techniques, decision-making styles and one need to be conscious about what type of decision-making process and techniques to consider. Discussed below four (4) case study of an area of indecision that are recently occurring. Sko-Die is a manufacturing company where the two generations namely, Gen X and Gen Y are clashing in the workplace. The management team are facing problem, as they are unable to take any proper decisions. Since, the Gen Y employees have been in the company for a short amount of time, they have a very little loyalty or reason to stay in the workplace. Elders Limited is a food and beverage company, which with the rise of the cost of materials and wages, profits proves to be low. Due to the unfortunate situation, the company needs to let some employees go. Therefore, the company needs to hold a meeting because none is on the list. Here company faces problem as they lack to take any decision regarding how many workers to sustain in the workforce for reducing the cost of wages. Boral Limited is a construction company and has a supervisor of a five person work group. The team manager has approved the purchase of one new computer for the group. The computer will go to one of the five employees. An individuals capability to work may highly vary, but in a group the capability of all the group members leads to the groups success. So, in this case the company faces priority based problem to judge which employee to give the computer, when and on what basis. Mr Paul is a supervisor in B9 Region. He supervises 8 employees who are Field inspectors and supporting staffs. The Field inspectors travel within the region to survey and other state occupied buildings for compliance with state policies and guidelines for risk management. The risk mananegment policies and guidelines are a bit complex, so there is a need for the Field inspector to be skilled at interpretating the policies and understanding on how the policies and guidelines apply in a wide variety of risk management senario found in state occupied buildings[1]. Most of the performance problems began when the state policies and guidelines were overhauled. From the above four cases, B9 Region case is taken into consideration. Given below the methods relating to the tools, techniques and skills used in decision making. Decision making tools and techniques There are different decision-making tools and techniques, among which some are implemented in the B9 Region with the help of Mr. Paul, are as follows: Decision matrix A decision matrix is used to evaluate all decisional options. While using a matrix, one can create a table with all the options in the first column and factors relating it in the first row. Then one needs to score each option with the respective weigh of factors. At last, the final score is tallied to find out the best option. In this decision matrix made in B9 Region T-Chart is used to weigh the plus and minus of the options[2]. While making a decision, all the plus signs and minus signs are taken into consideration. Pareto analysis It is a technique used for finding large number of decisions in B9 Region. It helps in prioritizing which one should be done first based on its decisions, which are having greatest impact. Here cost benefit technique is used in weighing the fiscal ramifications of each possible alternative and at last coming to the final decision and makes the most meaningful sense in respect to economic perspective[3]. Decision making Styles In B9 Region organization, the decision-making is crucial and important. If I take any wrong decision, then its impact seem to be enormous and critical. So, I have to think repeatedly before taking a solid and concrete decision[4]. In the B9 Region, I have implemented three (3) decision-making styles, they are rational, intuitive and spontaneous than the dependent and avoidant decisional styles: Rational Rational decision-making style normally prefers a structured and reasonable approach. Before making such type of decisions, I need to have all relevant information and then only i can come out with a specific decision. It also helps in evaluating the pros and cons of each decision. This decision making style is applied in context surroundings big risks which includes big amounts of money. Intuitive I in B9 region case, with intuitive decision-making style seems to be confident and prefer to take decisions listening to my inner voice. Spontaneous Spontaneous decision-making style is based on the impulsive decision making style, which is oftenly taking by the decision maker in B9 region. Here the Field inspector travels to other state without the knowledge of others. Group decision making Group decision making is a process where the multiple individuals act cooperatively, analyze problems or situations, evaluate the alternative course of actions and finally select the solution or alternatives of the solution. The number of people in a group decision making varies from the range of two to seven[5]. Benefits of Group Decision Making Group decision making is advantageous of its group diverse strengths and expertise. By combining the unique qualities of each individual group member, the group as a whole can generate greater number of alternatives, which proves to be of higher quality than the individual[6]. Generating higher quality of solution becomes sure that the group will definitely reach in providing superior problem solution than the individual. Weaknesses of Group Decision-making Groups prove to be slower in taking any decisions than the individuals, so it becomes difficult to implement those decisions in situations where urgent decisions are required. Group polarization seems to be one of the disadvantages of the group decision-making process. It is the tendency of the group to congregate on facing more extreme solutions to a problem[7]. Compare, contrast and critically evaluate sources of data for decision-making in respect to B9 Region context The data driven decisions prove to be better decisions in the business sector as it helps in understanding the decision more effectively. Firstly, the volume of data manifested each day is increasing day by day. Secondly, the speed of data creation is becoming more decisive in nature. Thirdly, the variety sources of data are gained through messages, updates and through images of social network[8]. This helps to reduce the complexities. Two factors are essential for managing a big data, they are: Firstly, clear strategy should be build based on the implementation of data and analytics. Secondly, organize the best and right technological architecture. Conclusion Decision-making and problem solving plays a vital role for the successful growth in the competition market. Hence, we conclude that group decision-making proves to be more important and significant than the individual decision-making and discussed above with the help of a case study. References Cui Z, 'Decision Making In Cross-Functional Teams: The Role Of Decision Power*' [2015] Decision Sciences Huysmans J and others, 'An Empirical Evaluation Of The Comprehensibility Of Decision Table, Tree And Rule Based Predictive Models' (2011) 51 Decision Support Systems Marshall L and De la Harpe R, 'Decision Making In The Context Of Business Intelligence And Data Quality' (2009) 11 S Afr j inf manag Nooraie M, 'Decision's Familiarity And Strategic Decision-Making Process Output: The Mediating Impact Of Rationality Of The Decision-Making Process' (2011) 4 International Journal of Applied Decision Sciences Radovanovic B, 'Individual Decision Making, Group Decision Making And Deliberation' (2012) 23 Filoz drus Scala N and others, 'Group Decision Making With Dispersion In The Analytic Hierarchy Process' [2015] Group Decision and Negotiation Scollnik D, 'A Pareto Scale-Inflated Outlier Model And Its Bayesian Analysis' (2013) 2015 Scandinavian Actuarial Journal Todeschini R, Grisoni F and Nembri S, 'Weighted PowerWeakness Ratio For Multi-Criteria Decision Making' (2015) 146 Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems Vriens D and Achterbergh J, 'Tools For Supporting Responsible Decision-Making?' (2013) 32 Syst. Res