Extinct Animals

Animal that has gone extinct ( Alasmidonta mccordi The Coosa elktoe, scientific name Alasmidonta mccordi, was a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This species was endemic to the United States. [pic] I didn’t manage to find any specific ecological role of Coosa Elktoe, however I found the ecological role of mussels. Mussels play a key role in aquatic environments and are considered to be â€Å"ecosystem engineers† because they modify aquatic habitat, making it more suitable for themselves and other organisms.One of the valuable functions performed by mussels is capturing organic matter from the water column when they siphon, processing it to build body and shell, excreting nutrients that are immediately available to plant life and then depositing the remaining organic material to the sediment making it available for other invertebrates and fish to consume. During this feeding process, the mussels â€Å"c lean† the water they live in by removing phytoplankton and the bacteria and fungi that are attached to the non living organic particles they have removed from the water column.Other undesirable particles and chemicals are bound in the mussels' pseudo feces and deposited on the river bottom. This species was known only from a single specimen collected from the Coosa River in St. Clair County, Alabama and after its’ extinction the River was observed and there were no changes found, therefore, I suppose its’ extinction had no effects on ecology or if it did the effects are not significant and cannot be observed. |Kingdom: |Animalia | Phylum: |Mollusca | |Class: |Bivalvia | |Order: |Unionoida | |Family: |Unionidae | |Genus: |Alasmidonta | Alasmidonta mccordi was listed in 1996 (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) as Critically Endangered due to insufficient survey information. In 2000, surveys confirmed that A. mccordi is Extinct (Bogan 2000) and there has been no further evidence in recent years to suggest otherwise.This species is considered to be Extinct. Impoundment of the Coosa River is thought to have caused the extinction of this species. Animal that is endangered ( Brotia pageli This species occurs in mountain streams in Western Borneo, from Sabah to South Kalimantan. At present it is only known from the type locality, Sabah, east Malaysia, Borneo and one other location in south-west Indonesian Borneo. Brotia pageli requires well-oxygenated, small, clear mountain streams, preferring rocky or pebble substrates.It is mainly found in mud, on stones, or under leaves and therefore is only present in remnant patches of rainforest. Ecological role same as Alasmidonta mccordi ( mussel ). [pic] There is a continuing decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy and the extent and quality of this species' habitat as a result of the slash-and-burn agriculture, intensive logging and deforestation taking place across Borneo. Further research is n eeded into the species' current population status and impacts of deforestation. |Kingdom: |Animalia | Phylum: |Mollusca | |Class: |Gastropoda | |Superfamily: |Cerithioidea | |Family: |Pachychilidae | |Genus: |Brotia | Animal that was endangered but now it is not ( American bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Bald eagles are one of the largest birds in North America with a wing span of 6-8 feet. Females tend to be larger than males. They live up to 40 years in the wild, and longer in captivity.Bald eagles are monogamous and have one life partner. [pic] Bald eagles live near large bodies of open water such as lakes, marshes, seacoast and rivers. They nest and roost in tall trees. The eagles live in every US state except Hawaii. They use a specific territory for nesting, winter feeding or a year-round residence. Their natural domain is from Alaska to California, and from Maine to Florida. Bald eagles that reside in the northern USA and Canada migrate to the warmer southern areas duri ng the winter to obtain easier access to food.They feed primarily on fish, but also eat small animals such as ducks, rabbits, turtles, snakes, etc. Bald eagle population numbers have been estimated to be 300 000 to 500 000 birds in the early 1700s. Their population fell to less than 10 000 nesting pair by the 1950s, and to less than 500 pairs by the early 1960s. This population decline was caused by the mass shooting of eagles, the use of pesticides on crops, the destruction of habitat, and the contamination of waterways and food sources by a wide range of poisons and pollutants.For many years, the use of DTT pesticide crops caused thinning of eagle egg shells, which often broke during incubation. The use of DDT pesticide was outlawed in USA and Canada in 1972/73. This action contributed greatly to the return of the bald eagle. The Bald Eagle was listed as Endangered in most of the U. S. from 1967 to 1995, when it was slighted upgraded to Threatened in the lower 48 states. The numbe r of nesting pairs of Bald Eagles in the lower 48 states had increased from less than 500 in the early 1960's to over 10,000 in 2007.They had recovered sufficiently to delist them from Threatened status on June 28, 2007. Since delisting, the primary law protecting Bald Eagles has shifted from the Endangered Species Act to the Bald and Golden Eagle Act. Although Bald Eagles have made an encouraging comeback throughout the U. S. A. since the early 60s, they continue to be face hazards that must be closely monitored and controlled. Even though illegal, Bald Eagles are still harassed, injured and killed by guns, traps, power lines, windmills, poisons, contaminants and destruction of habitat. Kirill Tashilov

Phu Quoc

To Yen Ngan ELP 6 Lecturer: Mr. James Topic: Tourism in Phu Quoc Island Phu Quoc Island is located in Thailand Bay, lies in front of the Cambodia cost, 45km from Ha Tien to the West and 15 km from South Cambodia. Phu Quoc is located in the tropics and is affected by oceanic climate. These are the reasons why Phu Quoc’s climate is always being temperate with average temperature from 24oC – 27oC. The ideal time for tourist to visit Phu Quoc Island is from November to January (Lunar calendar) because in this time the sea is so calm and the amount of tourist will decrease that’s why the price of hotel and food will be more reasonable for everybody. Phu Quoc Island is an attractive island with not only fresh and wide virgin forests but also the most beautiful and clearest beaches. The island like an armed fortress of the Vietnamese navy, and 80% of the island is protected as the Phu Quoc National Forest. Phu Quoc is a beautiful island, bathed in the warm tropical sun; the sea is clear and green. Following are some famous attraction about Phu Quoc Island. Firstly is Coi Nguon museum. This is an interesting place to discover and know more about the culture and the history of Phu Quoc. This museum displays lots of ceramics, bronze and stone tools, and animal and sea mammal skeletons. Besides, there is some art work made by people from Phu Quoc using materials that are specific to Phu Quoc like sea shells and drift wood. Secondly is Phu Quoc Pearl Farm. Visiting this place, everybody have chance to find out about the way how pearl is cultivated. There is also displayed area with lots of pearl collections for your contemplation and shopping. At night, tourists can enjoy the night market in Duong Dong. Night Markets: is located in the middle of Duong Dong and it bustles with trade in fish, fruit, and vegetables. There are many activities in Phu Quoc Island. After enjoying swimming in the ost beautiful and clearest beaches, you can hire a boat to go fishing or do sightseeing in fresh and wide virgin forests or join a boat tour discovering the ocean, experience the fishermen daily life for snorkeling around some coral reefs, having lunch onboard, enjoy sea urchin – a specialty of Phu Quoc. Phu Quoc is also famous for impressive and colorful coral islands. Moreover, tourists can free at leisure for diving to discover the habitats of corals and fishes, or participating sports on the beach such as wa ter Moto, parachuting glide, kayaking, sailing boats †¦ njoy fresh local seafood. In conclusion, a visit to Phu Quoc Island is a good, an ideal and affordable opportunity to relax after hard working or studying and learn many new things in life. Tourists will be received many benefits from the trip to Phu Quoc Island such as make new friends, increase knowledge, explore the historical and cultural traditional of Vietnam many historical and cultural monuments that are connected closely with different stage of the Mekong Delta and country’s development. increase significantly self-confident and love natural, etc. List of References: * http://www. phuquocexplorer. com (Phu Quoc Explorer 2010, All rights reserved – Design by IT-DULICHPHUQUOC. INFO) * http://www. dulichphuquoc. com/2010/03/02/di-cau-ca-va-kham-pha-dao-hoang/ (2005 – 2010 Du Lich Phu Quoc) * http://www. mekongstay. com/vietnaminformations/phuquocisland/18. html (MekongStay co. Ltd 2007)

Adversarial System vs. Civil Law Essay Example for Free

Adversarial System vs. Civil Law Essay ? The European civil law system is all about finding the truth, even if a lawyer has to lose the case for their client while doing so. The American adversarial system is about winning, even if it means avoiding and stretching the truth to do so. Civil law has the laws made by the government and the courts apply them, while common law has the judges making the majority of the laws through precedents. The adversarial system uses specific laws, precedents, and legal rules to determine who wins. It allows lawyers to take the truth and spin it into the picture that is the most beneficial to their client. They can use loopholes in the law to keep evidence from being allowed to cause their guilty clients to be punished for what they have done. Once all the talking is done, it is up to twelve people to decide whose lawyer did a better job of convincing them to believe them. The civil system uses general ideas and broad concepts to form the framework for taking the evidence at hand and attempting to determine what the truth is. When the truth is revealed, lawyers do not try to hide it or escape from it, even if they do not like the results. A major disadvantage of this system is that those twelve people from the common law system are only used in major criminal cases, so when the truth is unclear, only a couple people get to determine who is right, and three people can be wrong easier than twelve people in 100% agreement. In my opinion from what I have learned, I believe that the civil law system has an advantage in finding the ideal of the judicial system – justice. In the adversarial system, the truth can be avoided, and once it is, there can be no justice. As to the question of whether there are constitutional problems with applying civil laws in the US, the most obvious one is that a jury trial is guaranteed by the Bill of Rights to protect a defendant from being condemned by the voice of one person. Adversarial System vs. Civil Law. (2017, Jan 20).

Miami Circle Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miami Circle - Article Example The excavation, conducted under Bob Carr revealed a patterned group of holes in various sizes cut into the oolitic limestone. This covered a circular shaped area of 38 feet in diameter. And the excavated earth contained various artefacts like shell tools and stone axe-heads. Other crucial discoveries included human teeth and charcoal from fires. According to the diary report of Ryan J Wheeler, one of the archeologists who participatred in the escavation, they also found '.some concrete, modern glass, and other construction fill, lower portions produced nineteenth century materials, including the fragmentary neck of a blown green glass bottle and a wire-wound glass button, probably from a ladies' blouse or jacket. (Wheeler). A controversy regarding the preservation of the site ensued, especially after the suggestion by Baumann to relocate the circle to another location for which he offered to pay the expenses so that he could pursue the construction of the condominium. But there was a general resentment among the general public which included archaelogists, native americans, new agers and school children. And the State the State of Florida Preservation 2000 land acquisition program had to purchase the disputed site from Bachmann for $26.7 million. The radiocarbon dating, conduct... However, the argument that the holes belonged to the modern age was further disputed by Tom Scott and Harvey Means, Florida Geological Survey, who brought to light the fact that there was a buildup of a calcite duracrust on the edge of the cut face, which cannot happen in the case of modern objects. The artefacts that were found are supposed to belong the Tequesta native group which existed prior to the European settlement of the area. But to come to such a conclusion, other possibilities were to be discounted. There is no proof that native North Americans built such permanent structures so long ago. And the hypothesis that the site could have belonged to the Olemec or Mayan civilizations was more or less ruled out as there was no evidence of any artefact belonging to Cetral American origin on the site. According to Bob Carr, "Mayan architecture is always rectilinear, except for the observatory in the Yucatan, so really nothing about this fits a Mayan connection." He thinks that the references to Mayan civilization in this context are "just an exotic way to explain it." (Nimnicht). There exists an argument that the holes were postholes of some structure, some sort a foundation for a building. Another hint is that it could have been a burial site, but the excavators could find o nly a five-foot long shark skeleton, a dolphin skull and a complete carapace of a sea turtle. Apart from the four human teeth found on the site, nothing confirmed to the idea that it could have a common burial ground.The controversy regarding the decision of the Sate to spend a phenomenal amount on the project reached its height with the hunch by the University of Florida archaeologist Jerald T Milanich that the Circle

MacDonalds CSR Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

MacDonalds CSR Strategy - Essay Example Examined in this essay are factors influencing the implementation of MacDonald’s CSR strategies and the current aspirational goals contained in the corporation’s â€Å"2020 CSR and Sustainability Framework† launched in 2014.   MacDonald’s CSR strategy remains reputable with other corporations operating in the same niche mirroring their strategies. The company’s ultimate goal entails the reduction of environmental impact of its operations. In addition, the company aims to ensure sustainability whereby, they emphasize on human well-being, energy efficiency and animal health. In the case of the latter, they support entrepreneurs whose animal rearing projects encompass sustainable production. In the fiscal year 2012-2013, the company sourced 100% whitefish from certified fisheries verified by agencies for using sustainable means of production. In addition, the company installed approximately 300,000 energy-efficient kitchen equipment in different outlets (2014). The rampant rise in obesity and the increase in environmental degradation played a pivotal role in influencing MacDonald’s CSR strategies. Wihbey (2012) estimated that the rate of obesity among male adults is 32.2% whereas, that of women is 35.5%. In addition, obesity in the country costs the government an estimated $ 190 billion in medical expenses (Whibey, 2012). Poor dietary habits and leading a sedentary lifestyle are the major causes of obesity in the US. Therefore, companies operating in the fast food industry must be accountable for decreasing the rampant rise in obesity in the country. Intervention strategies implemented by the government continues to compel companies such as MacDonald’s to implement their own CSR strategies that help decrease the rate of obesity. For example, the use of more organic products in the preparation of their meals, and the provision of healthier alternatives to soft drinks (bypasses the soda tax while ensuring a healthy alternative f or customers). Conversely, increased environmental pollution across the globe also compelled MacDonald’s to re-assess their sourcing strategies, packaging materials, and energy consumption in their different outlets.  

Children With Sickle Cell Disease Research Paper

Children With Sickle Cell Disease - Research Paper Example The quality of life was measured with the TNO-AZL Adult Quality of Life questionnaire. The groups were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test. The study was carried at 95% confidence interval. The results indicated that patients with sickle disease had a significantly lower quality of life on all subscales as compared to the Dutch norm population. The abstract of the study is a complete overhaul. It gives clear and more defined information of what to expect and what the study is all about. However, the objective of the study is not widely stated considering the fact that it is not mentioned anywhere else in the study apart from the abstract. Citation Type of study Location setting Variables Framework theory Study design Sample The study is quantitative in nature. The quantitative variables are well designed and explained. Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation of the Medical University of Bialystok All female caregivers or mothers of children with SCD who visited the outpatient clinic o f the study center at least one year ago were invited to participate in the study. The dependent variable: quality of life of caregivers of children with sickle cell disease. Independent variables: socio-economic and ethnic background. Control group: female caregivers of healthy children. Considering the fact that the study is quantitative in nature, the existence of both independent and dependent variables is justified. The theoretical perceptive of the study is not discussed. This compromises the validity of the results because there is no link between the theoretical literature and the results of the study. However, the study does borrow some empirical perspectives from other studies. But empirical studies without theoretical perspective still limit the results of the study. All female caregivers or mothers of children with SCD who visited the outpatient clinic of the study center at least one year ago were invited to participate in the study. Because the study is a qualitative t ype of study, a questionnaire on the social and financial consequences of caring for children with a chronic illness was developed as part of a larger study. the questionnaires are designed in a way that it took one hour to complete the whole questionnaire. In addition, the study used the TAAQoL questionnaire for persons above 16 years, to measure the health status problems and limitations. SPSS was used to analyze the data and the results were well conveyed using the statistical methods of presenting data. The research design matches the approach and research hypothesis. However, one limitations of the study design is that it does not give much comparisons between the independent, dependent and control groups. Another limitation of the design is that it doesn’t clarify the type of data required for the study and instead it describes methods of colleting and analyzing data. The study used a sample of 700 from the reference population of similar gender and ages as the caregive r of the children with SCD. But the absence of the formula used to calculate the sample size makes the validity of the sample size in question. Strengths The study has a strong research design.

William Barton and the Australian Youth Orchestra Assignment

William Barton and the Australian Youth Orchestra - Assignment Example The ranges of the instruments are also different: the didgeridoo is unable to reach high pitches and, therefore, has a low range, whereas the orchestra with its instruments has a rather high range. The music has a compound meter. The didgeridoo also has no regular accents, it is possible to say that it is used in an impromptu music performance, while the orchestra has some of them and something similar to a structural organization. There are also no repeating rhythms in the music video analyzed, it is developed without them.  The contour of the melody is both ascending and descending, therefore, the overall contour of the melody of the analyzed music video is undulating. The music is disjunct because it contains leaps and intervals. The noticeable leaps occur when the didgeridoo fades and the orchestra starts playing, and the intervals are generally wide. The melody is also a wide-range one, combining the above mentioned low range of the didgeridoo and the high range of the orchest ra instruments.   It is possible to state that there is some dissonant present when the orchestra and the didgeridoo play simultaneously due to their different ranges and the ability to produce sounds of different pitches. The melody is also loud in dynamics, especially when the didgeridoo starts and goes on playing. There are also decreases and increases in loudness, when the orchestra is fading, the didgeridoo is louder, and the otherwise situation is also observed. The tempo of the music may be characterizes as moderate as there is no too fast.